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学者姓名：李兴文
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Abstract ：
The low-voltage DC distribution system based on renewable energy has been widely developed because of the serious energy problem, in which circuit breakers play an important protective role. With the increase in breaking capacity, compared with traditional mechanical circuit breakers, hybrid circuit breakers have a longer service life and excellent breaking performance. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the breaking performance of hybrid circuit breaker. In this paper, a simulation model integrating arc model and behavior model of power electronic devices is established. The factors affecting the interruption characteristics mainly include line parameters and device parameters, which are analyzed by the above hybrid circuit breaker model. Among these factors, the time constant mainly affects the electric characteristics at commutation time. With the clamp voltage of MOV increasing, the energy dissipation time decreases obviously. The large stray inductance and parasitic capacitance have influence on the commutation process, which will extend the commutation time. This study may provide references for the selection and optimization of hybrid circuit breaker parameters and the improvement of breaking performance.
Keyword ：
Hybrid Circuit Breaker LVDC Power Electronic Devices
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhang, Zhaozi , Gao, Caizhi , Chen, Silei et al. Optimization Design of Interruption Characteristics of LVDC Hybrid Circuit Breaker [J]. | 2022 IEEE 67TH HOLM CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL CONTACTS (HLM) , 2022 : 219-226 . |
| MLA | Zhang, Zhaozi et al. "Optimization Design of Interruption Characteristics of LVDC Hybrid Circuit Breaker" . | 2022 IEEE 67TH HOLM CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL CONTACTS (HLM) (2022) : 219-226 . |
| APA | Zhang, Zhaozi , Gao, Caizhi , Chen, Silei , Xue, Zhongzheng , Li, Xingwen . Optimization Design of Interruption Characteristics of LVDC Hybrid Circuit Breaker . | 2022 IEEE 67TH HOLM CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL CONTACTS (HLM) , 2022 , 219-226 . |
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Abstract ：
With the increase of system capacities and voltage levels in photovoltaic systems, a large amount of power electronic equipment has been gradually applied, which introduces much complex electromagnetic interference. Switching frequencies and control strategies of different power electronic equipment would interfere with the arc fault detection, which eventually make the detection algorithm invalid. Especially for new GaN-based converters with the high switching frequency, arc fault characteristics have not been studied. In this paper, arc fault current waveforms for different types of inverters and converters are obtained by their own current sensors. From the perspective of the time-frequency domain, the interference of different types of power electronic equipment on the arc fault detection is analyzed. Thus, the common arc fault detection variable is extracted. Based on the machine learning method, the arc fault detection algorithm could be proposed with high detection accuracy and wide application range. Finally, the arc fault detection algorithm is integrated into the control system of power electronic equipment. Hardware test results show that the arc fault could be extinguished in 1s, and the detection accuracy is higher than 95%.
Keyword ：
DC series arc faults hardware implementation power electronic equipment time-frequency analysis
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| GB/T 7714 | Meng, Yu , Chen, Silei , Zhou, Hongwei et al. Hardware Implementation of Time-Frequency Analysis Based DC Arc Fault Detection Algorithm in Photovoltaic Systems with Different Power Electronic Equipment [J]. | 2022 IEEE 67TH HOLM CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL CONTACTS (HLM) , 2022 : 91-97 . |
| MLA | Meng, Yu et al. "Hardware Implementation of Time-Frequency Analysis Based DC Arc Fault Detection Algorithm in Photovoltaic Systems with Different Power Electronic Equipment" . | 2022 IEEE 67TH HOLM CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL CONTACTS (HLM) (2022) : 91-97 . |
| APA | Meng, Yu , Chen, Silei , Zhou, Hongwei , Luo, Jie , Li, Xingwen . Hardware Implementation of Time-Frequency Analysis Based DC Arc Fault Detection Algorithm in Photovoltaic Systems with Different Power Electronic Equipment . | 2022 IEEE 67TH HOLM CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL CONTACTS (HLM) , 2022 , 91-97 . |
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Abstract ：
Partial discharge (PD) already occurs at operating voltages in the low-voltage circuit breaker due to the miniaturization accompanied by increased power density and raised operational voltage. The paper evaluates the PD behavior in a molded case circuit breaker (MCCB) to consider the insulation degradation caused by gassing materials. In order to localize sources of field enhancement and partial discharge, intensified charge coupled device (ICCD) and infrared thermal imager are used to accurately determine the position. Furthermore, field strength of the whole conductor path in MCCB is numerically calculated with taking the action mechanism of metal particles and carbon layer into consideration to verify the correlation of the test results. It demonstrates that partial discharge occurs at the corner of iron splitters and the operating mechanism, which may be helpful for the design optimization of the MCCB.
Keyword ：
Electric field simulation Gassing Material MCCB Partial Discharge
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| GB/T 7714 | Liao, Zijie , Wang, Qian , Li, Xingwen . Effect of Gassing Material on Partial Discharge Characteristics in MCCB [J]. | 2022 IEEE 67TH HOLM CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL CONTACTS (HLM) , 2022 : 212-218 . |
| MLA | Liao, Zijie et al. "Effect of Gassing Material on Partial Discharge Characteristics in MCCB" . | 2022 IEEE 67TH HOLM CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL CONTACTS (HLM) (2022) : 212-218 . |
| APA | Liao, Zijie , Wang, Qian , Li, Xingwen . Effect of Gassing Material on Partial Discharge Characteristics in MCCB . | 2022 IEEE 67TH HOLM CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL CONTACTS (HLM) , 2022 , 212-218 . |
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Abstract ：
Recently, C4F7N mixtures have attracted attention as a promising SF6 alternative due to their low global warming potential and excellent electrical performance. In this study, we introduce a newly built experimental setup for pulsed Townsend measurements as well as the physical model for the acquisition of electron swarm parameters. The effective ionization rate coefficients, electron drift velocity, and density-normalized longitudinal diffusion coefficients in C4F7N and its mixtures with CO2 and N-2 were obtained. The reduced critical electric field for pure C4F7N at 100 Pa is determined to be 1002 Td, while it decreases with increasing pressure because of the effect of ion kinetics during the discharge process. C4F7N shows good synergism with CO2 and N-2. To have a dielectric strength equivalent to that of SF6, the mixing ratio of C4F7N in its mixtures with CO2 and N-2 should be 18% and 12%, respectively. The results provide fundamental data for modeling discharges in C4F7N and its mixtures.
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhang, Boya , Xiong, Jiayu , Hao, Mai et al. Pulsed Townsend measurement of electron swarm parameters in C4F7N-CO2 and C4F7N-N-2 mixtures as eco-friendly insulation gas [J]. | JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS , 2022 , 131 (3) . |
| MLA | Zhang, Boya et al. "Pulsed Townsend measurement of electron swarm parameters in C4F7N-CO2 and C4F7N-N-2 mixtures as eco-friendly insulation gas" . | JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS 131 . 3 (2022) . |
| APA | Zhang, Boya , Xiong, Jiayu , Hao, Mai , Yao, Yuyang , Li, Xingwen , Murphy, Anthony B. . Pulsed Townsend measurement of electron swarm parameters in C4F7N-CO2 and C4F7N-N-2 mixtures as eco-friendly insulation gas . | JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS , 2022 , 131 (3) . |
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Abstract ：
With the application and promotion of renewable energies such as photovoltaics and wind power, DC power distribution systems have become a hot spot in the electrical field. The increasing DC system capacity and the increasingly complex system circuits have greatly increased the probability of DC arc faults, which makes it necessary to detect arc faults in time. Most researches usually studied arc faults based on copper electrodes according to the standard UL1699B. However, various cable materials would be used for different scenarios in DC systems. The characteristics may cause new interference to DC fault arc detection. In this paper, DC arc fault current and voltage waveforms based on different electrode materials are obtained from the DC arc fault experiment platform. First, differences among arc fault currents based on different materials are analyzed and compared from the perspective of time domain. The reason for differences in arc fault phenomenon based on different materials are also discussed. Then, the wavelet transform method is used to find differences of arc fault detection characteristics which are compared from the perspective of time-frequency domain. Finally, the influence of different materials on DC arc fault detection characteristics is summarized and relevant suggestions are made, which can help make the arc fault detection strategy more universal and applicable.
Keyword ：
DC series arc faults electrode materials fault characteristics time-frequency analysis wavelet transform
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| GB/T 7714 | Wang, Jing , Meng, Yu , Li, Xingwen et al. Research on the Influence of Different Electrode Materials on DC Arc Fault Detection Characteristics [J]. | 2021 IEEE SIXTY-SIXTH HOLM CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL CONTACTS (HLM) , 2021 : 89-94 . |
| MLA | Wang, Jing et al. "Research on the Influence of Different Electrode Materials on DC Arc Fault Detection Characteristics" . | 2021 IEEE SIXTY-SIXTH HOLM CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL CONTACTS (HLM) (2021) : 89-94 . |
| APA | Wang, Jing , Meng, Yu , Li, Xingwen , Chen, Silei . Research on the Influence of Different Electrode Materials on DC Arc Fault Detection Characteristics . | 2021 IEEE SIXTY-SIXTH HOLM CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL CONTACTS (HLM) , 2021 , 89-94 . |
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Abstract ：
CO2 and its mixtures have already considered as potential substitutes for SF6, so it is interesting to investigate their arcing characteristics used for new type circuit breakers. In this paper, an experimental device for simulating the arcing process of direct action type and puffer type high-voltage load switches was designed. An experimental platform for multi-parameter comprehensive measurement was built. The experimental research was carried out on the arcing characteristics of CO2 and its mixtures with C4-PFN or C5-PFK, with stretching arc as well as nozzle-limited stretching arc under gas flow. The arc voltage, arc current, and current zero characteristics near the current zero were measured. Moreover, the Mayr arc model was applied to compare the post-arc breakdown characteristics of CO2 and its mixed gas with C4-PFN or C5-PFK under different arcing modes. It is found that the air blowing effect has a strong promotion effect on the energy dissipation of arc during the small current period. In the arcing experiment, the thermal interruption capability of CO2 gas is about 50% of SF6. The thermal interruption capability of C5-PFK-CO2 mixed gas is about 75% of SF6, and the C4-PFN-CO2 mixed gas has almost equal thermal interruption capability to SF6. In the air-blowing arc experiment, the thermal interruption capability of CO2, C5-PFK-CO2 and C4-PFN-CO2 mixed gas was about 45%, 68% and 91% of SF6, respectively. © 2021, High Voltage Engineering Editorial Department of CEPRI. All right reserved.
Keyword ：
Carbon dioxide Electric circuit breakers Energy dissipation Flow of gases Gases Mixtures SF6 insulation Sulfur hexafluoride
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| GB/T 7714 | Tang, Nian , Guo, Ze , Zhang, Boya et al. Effects of Air-blowing on the Arcing Characteristics of CO2 and CO2/C4-PFN, CO2/C5-PFK Mixtures [J]. | High Voltage Engineering , 2021 , 47 (1) : 338-345 . |
| MLA | Tang, Nian et al. "Effects of Air-blowing on the Arcing Characteristics of CO2 and CO2/C4-PFN, CO2/C5-PFK Mixtures" . | High Voltage Engineering 47 . 1 (2021) : 338-345 . |
| APA | Tang, Nian , Guo, Ze , Zhang, Boya , Li, Li , Li, Xingwen . Effects of Air-blowing on the Arcing Characteristics of CO2 and CO2/C4-PFN, CO2/C5-PFK Mixtures . | High Voltage Engineering , 2021 , 47 (1) , 338-345 . |
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In this paper, the compatibility between C4F7N and α-Al2O3 (0001) surface has been evaluated based on the density functional theory (DFT). The adsorption energy, total charge transfer, states analysis, and electron density difference were obtained to analyze the interaction behavior of C4F7N on α-Al2O3 (0001) surface. The results demonstrated a chemisorption between C4F7N and α-Al2O3 (0001) surface. Moreover, the pathway of C4F7N dissociated on α-Al2O3 (0001) surface after the adsorption was determined. However, the activation energy required for the dissociation is too large to achieve, which means that the dissociation of C4F7N on α-Al2O3 surface is difficult to occur. Additionally, the thermal compatibility between α-Al2O3 and C4F7N were verified by experiments, which shows a certain compatibility between C4F7N and α-Al2O3 (0001) under up to 170 . The results demonstrate that α-Al2O3-based materials can be used as insulators in C4F7N-filled electrical equipment. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.
Keyword ：
Activated alumina Activation energy Aluminum oxide Charge transfer Density functional theory Dissociation
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhang, Boya , Zhang, Ziyue , Li, Xingwen et al. The compatibility between environmentally friendly insulation gas C4F7N and α-Al2O3 (0001) surface: Theoretical and experimental insights [J]. | Applied Surface Science , 2021 , 536 . |
| MLA | Zhang, Boya et al. "The compatibility between environmentally friendly insulation gas C4F7N and α-Al2O3 (0001) surface: Theoretical and experimental insights" . | Applied Surface Science 536 (2021) . |
| APA | Zhang, Boya , Zhang, Ziyue , Li, Xingwen , Xiong, Jiayu , Yang, Tao , Deng, Yunkun . The compatibility between environmentally friendly insulation gas C4F7N and α-Al2O3 (0001) surface: Theoretical and experimental insights . | Applied Surface Science , 2021 , 536 . |
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Abstract ：
Overheating is one of the key factors affecting the normal service life of switch cabinets. Therefore, it is of great significance to find out methods to reduce the temperature rise of the switch cabinet. In this paper, based on a 400V low-voltage switchgear, a three-dimensional simulation model is established using the electromagnetic-thermal-fluid multi-physics coupling method. Under the conditions of simulating natural convection, considering eddy current effects, proximity effects, and skin effects, heat transfer methods such as thermal conduction, thermal convection, and thermal radiation are comprehensively used to calculate and analyze the thermal distribution characteristics of the distribution cabinet shells and three-phase current-carrying conductors. Moreover, a temperature-rise experiment is performed to verify the feasibility and accuracy of the electromagnetic-thermal-fluid multi-physics coupling method and the accuracy and effectiveness of the calculation model under the current simulation conditions. In addition, in order to reduce the temperature rise of the cabinet, A strategy for optimizing the switchgear is proposed, and the heat distribution characteristics of the optimized model is calculated using the multi-physics coupling method. The results show that the temperature rise of the switch cabinets of the scheme has been reduced in different degrees, which effectively solves the overheating problem of the switch cabinet. © 2020 IEEE.
Keyword ：
Eddy current testing Electric contacts Heat convection Heat radiation Radiation effects
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| GB/T 7714 | Tang, Nian , Xu, Hongyu , Bai, Xiaofeng et al. Analysis of Thermal Characteristics of Switch Cabinet with Multi-Physics Field Coupling Method [C] . 2020 : 28-34 . |
| MLA | Tang, Nian et al. "Analysis of Thermal Characteristics of Switch Cabinet with Multi-Physics Field Coupling Method" . (2020) : 28-34 . |
| APA | Tang, Nian , Xu, Hongyu , Bai, Xiaofeng , Li, Xingwen . Analysis of Thermal Characteristics of Switch Cabinet with Multi-Physics Field Coupling Method . (2020) : 28-34 . |
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Abstract ：
Arc physics and characteristic control are the basic and important technological issues in the field of electric power apparatus. Enormous studies have been carried out in academic and industrial institutions in recent decades, which strongly support the development of high-performance power switchgear and the technological advancement. This paper reviews the recent research progress in high and low-voltage gas switchgear with air and SF6 and their alternative gases from the following aspects: physical parameters (including thermodynamic properties, transport coefficient, collision cross section, thermal critical breakdown field strength and so on), arc Magneto-Hydro-Dynamical (MHD) model simulation and its application, effects of different factors on the arc characteristics and its control regulations and so on. Besides, some issues are proposed and should be deal with in further study, involving the experimental measurement of arc plasma thermodynamic parameters, the arc model of three-dimensional gas switchgear considering the non-equilibrium breakdown process in the post-arc period, the physical characteristics of DC fault arc and the efficient detection technology, the arc extinguishing technology of SF6 alternative gas. Some valuable references are expected to provide for exploration on the gas switchgear arc theory, arc extinguishing technology and new power switchgear equipment. © 2020, High Voltage Engineering Editorial Department of CEPRI. All right reserved.
Keyword ：
Gases Magnetohydrodynamics Petroleum prospecting SF6 insulation Sulfur hexafluoride
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| GB/T 7714 | Li, Xingwen , Jia, Shenli , Zhang, Boya . Research and Application on Physical Farameters Calculation and Behavior Simulation of Gas Switching Arc [J]. | High Voltage Engineering , 2020 , 46 (3) : 757-771 . |
| MLA | Li, Xingwen et al. "Research and Application on Physical Farameters Calculation and Behavior Simulation of Gas Switching Arc" . | High Voltage Engineering 46 . 3 (2020) : 757-771 . |
| APA | Li, Xingwen , Jia, Shenli , Zhang, Boya . Research and Application on Physical Farameters Calculation and Behavior Simulation of Gas Switching Arc . | High Voltage Engineering , 2020 , 46 (3) , 757-771 . |
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Abstract ：
The wall material and the electrode material together determine the composition of the capillary discharge plasma. In this paper, an improved ablation model considering polyethylene (PE) and copper ablation and deposition was developed. Generators with different geometric sizes were calculated and tested. The results show that the concentration distributions of copper and PE in the generator were the pair-wise opposite, and the aspect ratio (AR) had a threshold (AR = 8.67). The copper mass density distribution varied from uniform to inhomogeneous with the increase in AR, which was similar to that of its concentration distribution. The maximum copper mass density increased with the increase in AR, and the AR threshold was also 8.67. The relationship between the copper or PE ablated mass and capillary length or diameter approximately followed a power law, and the relationship between the copper or PE ablated mass and AR approximately followed a proportional law. The PE mass density distribution was not similar to that of its concentration for AR >= 8.67. The PE ablated mass increased with the increase in AR, and its variation was similar to that of the maximum PE mass density. When the AR(AR > 5.2) was large enough, the PE mass density distribution determined the total mass density distribution. Otherwise, the total mass density distribution was determined by the mass density distribution of PE and copper. Overall, the simulation results were in good agreement with the experiments. These can be used to select the size and material of the capillary in simulating high heat flux plasma or electrothermal chemical gun ignition.
Keyword ：
ablation model aspect ratios capillary discharge generator geometry mass density
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhang, Jiangbo , Li, Xingwen , Chen, Li et al. Investigation into geometric effect in capillary discharge plasma generator using an improved ablation model [J]. | JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS , 2020 , 53 (23) . |
| MLA | Zhang, Jiangbo et al. "Investigation into geometric effect in capillary discharge plasma generator using an improved ablation model" . | JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS 53 . 23 (2020) . |
| APA | Zhang, Jiangbo , Li, Xingwen , Chen, Li , Zhao, Yuhua , Liang, Lei , Xiao, Xia . Investigation into geometric effect in capillary discharge plasma generator using an improved ablation model . | JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS , 2020 , 53 (23) . |
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