Manufacturing　industry　has　become　professionalization,　socialized,　service-oriented,　and　collaborative,　so　lots　of　professional　and　socialized　small-　and　medium-sized　enterprises　spring　up　to　provide　product-service　for　satisfying　customers＇　requirements.　Faced　with　this　trend,　a　new　manufacturing　mode　called　social　manufacturing　has　been　proposed　to　aggregate　these　small-　and　medium-sized　enterprises　into　communities　for　mass　individualization　manufacturing.　As　the　basis　of　social　manufacturing,　small-　and　medium-sized　enterprises　communities　are　established　by　two　steps.　First,　the　socialized　manufacturing　resources　of　the　small-　and　medium-sized　enterprises　are　described　and　similar　socialized　manufacturing　resources　are　clustered　into　one　socialized　manufacturing　resources　community　by　growing　hierarchical　self-organizing　map　algorithm.　Suitable　socialized　manufacturing　resources　communities　are　selected　and　then　the　socialized　manufacturing　resources　are　mapped　into　small-　and　medium-sized　enterprises.　Second,　these　small-　and　medium-sized　enterprises　form　a　community　to　complete　the　order　together.　Product　cost　and　delivery　time　serve　as　the　indicator　for　order　allocating　in　the　small-　and　medium-sized　enterprises　community.　A　multi-objective　algorithm　is　proposed　to　tackle　the　order　allocation　problem.　A　case　from　a　professional　printing　firm　is　analyzed　to　validate　the　proposed　methodology　and　model.　Some　rules　are　revealed　and　these　rules　are　useful　for　guiding　practical　production.　The　study　endorses　the　establishing　small-　and　medium-sized　enterprises　communities　under　the　environment　of　social　manufacturing　and　suggests　extensive　practical　implications.