Translated Abstract
ABSTRACT
Energy challenges are serious issues in Pakistan in the coming decades. This is due to the fact that economic competitiveness fully depends on a reliable, safe, and sustainable energy supply that is linked not only to the strategic economic growth but also to the improvement of the social infrastructure of the Pakistan. Given adequate support, renewable energy technologies can meet much of the growing demand at prices lower than those usually forecast for conventional energy.
Pakistan has some of the highest values of insolation in the world, with eight to nine hours of sunshine per day, ideal climatic conditions for solar power generation. However, the country has been slow to adopt the technology.
The current gap between the demand and production of electricity in Pakistan is approximately 5000 to 8000 megawatts (MW) shortage. The purpose of this thesis is to examine the effect of electricity shortage, causes of energy crisis, as well as reasons, recommendations and feasible approach to control energy crisis in Pakistan.
The survey was done in Moro, one of the villages (Sindh) through the questionnaires. It is found that there are no transmission lines in a lot of remote areas in Pakistan. The research mainly focused on solar energy, because this area is a sunny belt and very efficient for solar energy. The data is analyzed through SPSS software, the model is made by HOMER software, and the information about radiation were found in NASA website. Model of 1kW capacity is proposed for meeting the electricity requirement by a typical family house, which is very efficient and cheap for these remote areas, in absence of power transmission line. The entire life span of the PV system is 25 years. The initial total investment for such a PV system is 627 USD, and the battery is replaced every 3 years (7.33 times in total for whole life span) that costs in total 1466 USD. It takes 3 year and 2 months to get initial investment money and battery replacement money back. After the payback period, the PV system can continue to work for about 21 years and 10 months, and the net electricity generation benefits amounts up to 14332 USD.
As demonstrated by the case study, it is feasible to introduce the off-grid clean solar system in Pakistan especially in remote areas. Extensive use of sustainable and renewable energy sources is required to overcome the existing problems. Pakistan is endowed with potential renewable energy resources such as wind, solar, hydro, and biomass. These resources have the capacity to be major contributors to future energy production.
Future studies must be conducted to investigate power shortage problems in the agricultural sector. For instance, incorporating the solar pumping system for irrigation purpose and drinking water supply in remote rural areas.
Translated Keyword
[Off-grid Solar PV System, Pakistan Energy Crisis, Remote Rural Areas Electricity Generation.]
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