The　thermal　regime　of　the　lithosphere　could　be　a　clue　for　the　processes　of　geodynamics.　Based　on　the　Yuquan-Yulin　seismic　reflection　transect　along　the　Sichuan　Basin　(Yangtze　Craton)–Qinling　Orogenic　Belt　(QOB)–Weihe　Basin–Ordos　Basin　(North　China　Craton),　we　modified　crustal　and　mantle　lithospheric　structures　to　fit　the　observed　data　such　as　elevation,　gravity,　geoid　height,　and　heat　flow.　Then　we　studied　thermal　structure,　lithospheric　thermal　thickness　and　rheological　structure　of　this　area.　The　results　suggest　that　the　Moho　temperature　along　the　transect　ranges　from　580　to　740　°C;　the　thickness　of　the　thermal　lithosphere　varies　from　70　to　190　km.　The　rheological　strength　is　characterized　by　the　rheological　characteristics　of　＇weak　crust-strong　mantle＇　in　the　Sichuan　Basin,　the　south　QOB　and　the　Ordos　Basin,　and　＇strong　crust–weak　mantle＇　in　the　north　QOB　and　Weihe　Basin.　The　Sichuan　Basin　has　the　lowest　heat　flow,　the　thickest　lithosphere,　and　the　strongest　lithospheric　strength,　while　the　north　QOB　and　Weihe　Basin　have　the　highest　heat　flow,　the　thinnest　lithosphere,　and　the　weakest　lithosphere.　The　thermal　regime　of　the　Sichuan　and　Ordos　basins　is　affected　by　the　stability　of　the　craton.　The　thermal　regime　of　the　QOB　and　Weihe　Basin　respond　to　the　thermal　effect　of　extensional/rifting　tectonics.　The　thermal　regime　along　the　transect　indicates　that　this　area　is　mainly　affected　by　the　convergence　caused　by　the　continental　collision　of　the　Indian　Plate.　©　2020　Elsevier　B.V.